Qubla Aral boyi orta ásir qalalari topografiyasi (IX-XIV ásirler)

This article examines the topographic structure and urban development features of medieval cities of the Southern Aral Sea region during the 9th–14th centuries. The study is based on archaeological data, historical written sources, and topographic analysis. The territorial location and internal structure of cities such as Mizdakxan, Guldursin fortress, Jampik qala, Kerder and Qabat qala were analyzed. The results show that these cities had a complex urban structure consisting of the citadel (ark), shahristan, and rabad. The study confirms the high level of urbanization in the Southern Aral Sea region during the medieval period